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- Path: bloom-picayune.mit.edu!snorkelwacker.mit.edu!usc!rpi!gatech!purdue!spaf
- From: spaf@cs.purdue.EDU (Gene Spafford)
- Newsgroups: news.lists,news.admin,news.answers
- Subject: How to Construct the Mailpaths File
- Message-ID: <spaf-mailpaths_719471711@cs.purdue.edu>
- Date: 19 Oct 92 05:15:13 GMT
- Expires: 18 Dec 92 17:15:11 GMT
- Followup-To: news.admin
- Organization: Dept. of Computer Sciences, Purdue Univ.
- Lines: 129
- Approved: spaf@cs.purdue.EDU
- Supersedes: <spaf-mailpaths_716962663@cs.purdue.edu>
-
- Archive-name: mailpaths/part1
- Original-author: Gene Spafford (spaf@cs.purdue.edu)
- Last-change: 5 May 1992 by spaf@cs.purdue.edu (Gene Spafford)
-
- News 2.11 has been designed to make it simpler to submit articles to
- moderated newsgroups and to reply via mail to posted articles. For
- these functions to work, the file "mailpaths" must exist in the news
- library and contain current information. This file describes the
- syntax of the contents of the file and how to construct it for your site.
-
- Syntax
- ------
- All lines in the file consist of a keyword followed by whitespace,
- followed by a printf-style format string which is used to encode a mail
- address. The format string should be constructed so that there is a
- single "%s" in the field, and other information necessary to construct
- a valid address to the appropriate site (see below).
-
- The keyword field consists of either the word "internet", the word
- "backbone", or some newsgroup pattern. These are examined by the
- software to determine which format-string to use. Note that the FIRST
- appropriate line matched is the one used -- thus, the "backbone"
- keyword line should be placed last in the line if regional or local
- moderated groups are supported.
-
- Also note that the match software quits if it runs out of newsgroup
- pattern, and if the pattern present matches the newsgroup. Thus,
- having the entries:
- comp.foo foo@nowhere.edu
- comp.foo.bar bar@someplace.org
- would always send mail to the moderator of "comp.foo" and not to the
- moderator of "comp.foo.bar", no matter which of the two newsgroups was
- specified! For proper operation, you would need to list them thusly:
- comp.foo.bar bar@someplace.org
- comp.foo foo@nowhere.edu
-
- Addresses that end up with both "!" and "@" symbols in the resulting
- address get converted so that only "!" symbols appear in the final
- address. An address of the form "foo!bar!baz@barf" will get converted
- to "foo!bar!barf!baz" and then mailed. This should work properly, for
- "dumb" mailers but you should test it to make sure; "smart" mailers
- should have the format fields encoded as a simple "%s". Note that *any*
- address with more than a single "@" in it is illegal.
-
- Submissions to moderated groups
- -------------------------------
- When you attempt to post to a moderated newsgroup (indicated by the
- letter "m" in the 4th field of the "active" file for that group),
- the action of "inews" is to mail the submission to the moderator.
- This is done by searching through "mailpaths" file for a keyword
- matching the newgroup being posted to, or, by default, the keyword
- "backbone". Matching occurs as in the "sys" file -- thus,
- "world" and "all" will also match everything, while "news" or
- "news.all" will only match articles posted in the "news" category.
- This feature can be used to support local moderated groups.
-
- Once a line has been matched, the name of the moderated group is
- transformed into an address. This is done by first turning all the
- imbedded periods within the newsgroup name into hyphens (e.g.,
- "news.lists" becomes "news-lists") because many mailers mishandle
- addresses with periods in the username (periods are supposed to be
- delimiters only in the host/domain part of RFC822 addresses, but some
- mailers "overreact"). Next, the transformed group name is encoded into
- an address using the format-string present on the line matched from
- "mailpaths" and the article is mailed. Thus, a posting to "news.lists"
- from a site with the line
- backbone emory!gatech!%s
- in the mailpaths file would have the article mailed to
- "emory!gatech!news-lists". Likewise, a line like
- backbone %s@gatech.edu
- would result in the article being mailed to "news-lists@gatech.edu".
- To make the mechanism for moderated postings simpler, a subset of the
- best-connected sites (plus some others) have committed to keeping a complete
- up-to-date set of mail aliases for the moderated groups. Therefore, to
- build this line in your "mailpaths" file, you need only construct
- an address to get the mail to one of these sites. In turn, once the
- submission reaches that site, it will be forwarded on to the
- appropriate moderator's mailbox.
-
- The sites currently maintaining these lists are given in the following
- list. Pick the one that is "closest" to your site and use it in your
- "backbone" format string:
-
- ames.arc.nasa.gov beaver.cs.washington.edu cis.ohio-state.edu
- decuac.dec.com decwrl.dec.com eddie.mit.edu
- kddlab.kddlabs.co.jp linus.b.mitre.org math.waterloo.edu
- mcnc.org ncar.ucar.edu rutgers.edu
- tektronix.tek.com ucbvax.berkeley.edu ucsd.edu
- uflorida.cis.ufl.edu uunet.uu.net wrdis01.af.mil
-
-
- Internet Mail
- -------------
- If you define the "INTERNET" flag when you build 2.11 news, the
- software will use the internet-style "From:" header when addressing
- replies mailed to postings. If your mailer does not have this capability,
- you can still (possibly) achieve the same thing by defining the
- "internet" line in your "mailpaths" file to forward such mail to
- a host that does have a mailer which understands internet-style addresses.
-
- The format of this line is very similar to the "backbone" line. As an
- example, consider:
- internet emory!gatech!mcnc!%s
- Thus, if "INTERNET" was defined when this version of news was built,
- any reply to a news article would not travel along the "Path:", but
- would instead be sent to "mcnc" for interpretation and remailing.
- For example, to reply to this article, the mail would be sent to
- "emory!gatech!mcnc!spaf@cs.purdue.edu" ->
- "emory!gatech!mcnc!cs.purdue.edu!spaf"
-
- Note: This is being provided as a service to sites which do not
- have routing mailers or which have difficulty replying to articles.
- It is *NOT* intended for everyone to pass mail to other sites to send.
- Excessive use of this feature may result in severe problems for
- the sites doing the relaying, so please simply define this field to
- be "%s" if your mailer understands domain-style (internet-style)
- addressing.
-
- The following sites will accept internet-format mail for forwarding:
-
- beaver.cs.washington.edu decuac.dec.com kddlab.kddlabs.co.jp
- math.waterloo.edu mcnc.org ucsd.edu
- uunet.uu.net
-
- --
- Gene Spafford
- Software Engineering Research Center & Dept. of Computer Sciences
- Purdue University, W. Lafayette IN 47907-1398
- Internet: spaf@cs.purdue.edu phone: (317) 494-7825
-